Social vulnerability and policy: Changes associated with local land use and zoning in Kampen, Netherlands

Abstract

As disasters increase in severity and frequency it is imperative to ensure community plans and policies avoid contradictions by holistically evaluating their progress towards resiliency. The Deprogramming Housing 2016 plan of Kampen is evaluated by creating a socially vulnerable index and calculating the change before and after implementation both inside and outside the effective policy boundary. It is found that across the five-year period of 2015 to 2020 there is a decrease in measured social vulnerability across the municipality following the Deprogramming Housing 2016 updates to existing land use and zoning policies within Kampen.